Wednesday, September 7, 2011

The Adjective


THE ADJECTIVE

A word used with a noun to describe or point out, the person, animal, place or thing which the noun names, or to tell the number or quality, is called an adjective.

Kinds of adjective:

1.     Adjective of quality: shows the kind or quality of a person or things. He is an honest man. The foolish crow tried to sing.
2.     Adjective of quantity: shows how much of thing is meant. I ate some rice. He showed much patience. He has little intelligence.
3.     Adjectives of number: shows how many persons or things are meant, or in what order a person or things stands. The hand has five fingers. There are no pictures in this book.
Numeral objectives are 3 kinds:-
i.                   Definite: Ordinals – one, two, three. Cardinals – First, second, third.
ii.                 Indefinite: all, no, many, few, some, any, certain, several, sundry.
iii.              Distributive: each, every, either, neither.
4.     Demonstrative adjective: Point out which person or thing is meant. This, that, these, those. That boy is industrious. I hate such things.
5.     Interrogative adjective: what, which, whose. Which way we shall go? What manner of man is he?
6.     Emphasizing adjective: own and very are used as emphasizing adjective. I saw it with my own eyes. This is the very thing I want.
7.     Exclamatory adjective: what genius! What an idea! What a blessing!

Passive Voice


PASSIVE VOICE

A sentence can be either in the active or passive voice. In an active sentence the subject performs the action. In a passive sentence the subject receives the action. To make an active sentence into a passive sentence, follow these steps:

1.     Place the complement of the active sentence at the beginning of the passive sentence.
2.     If there are any auxiliaries in the active sentence, place them immediately after the new subject agreeing in number with the subject.
3.     Insert the verb be after the auxiliary or auxiliaries in the same form as the main the verb in the active sentence.
4.     Place the main verb from the active sentence after the auxiliaries and be in the past participle.
5.     Place the subject of the active sentence after the verb in the passive sentence preceded by the preposition by. [this can be eliminate completely if it is not important or is understood]

Study the following order:

Simple present:
Am/is/are/was/were + verb in past participle

Present or Past Progressive:
Am/is/are/was/were + being + verb in past participle

Present or Past Perfect:
Has/have/had + been + verb in past participle

Modals:
Modal + be + verb in past participle

Modals + Perfect:
Modal + have + been + verb in past participle