WHO / WHOM
‘Who’ is used when the noun phrase being replaced is in the subject position of the sentence.
‘Whom’ is used when it is from the complement position.
NOTE: In speech, whom is rarely used but it should be used in formal written English.
If you have difficulty in deciding whether who or whom should be used, remember the rule-
| Who + Verb Whom + Noun/Pronoun + Verb + ... |
The man who is honest is trusted.
The girl to whom we gave the check has left.
WHOSE
‘Whose’ indicates possession.
John found a cat. The cat’s leg was broken.
John found a cat whose leg was broken.
WHICH
‘Which’ is used for things without life and for animals. It may refer to a singular or plural noun.
The moment which is lost is lost forever.
The horse which I recently bought is an Arab.
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